[iwar] [fc:Signs.of.a.cunning.bioterrorist]

From: Fred Cohen (fc@all.net)
Date: 2001-10-17 18:32:18


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Subject: [iwar] [fc:Signs.of.a.cunning.bioterrorist]
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Signs of a cunning bioterrorist

By Liz Marlantes | Staff writer of The Christian Science Monitor

The high-grade form of anthrax in a letter sent to Sen.  Tom Daschle may
be the work of the Al Qaeda network, or it may have come from some other
source.  But either way, it has forced authorities to a sharp
conclusion: The perpetrators are much more sophisticated than many
originally believed. 

The key here is particle size.  The anthrax found in Senator Daschle's
office was fine enough that it could float easily through the air,
rather than simply falling to the ground.  At least 31 people have
already tested positive for exposure in Senate offices.  In a chaotic
morning Wednesday, the US House of Representatives planned to shut down
until next Tuesday, after a full sweep of the premises. 

There are still many obstacles to carrying out an anthrax attack with,
say, a crop-duster - such as getting hold of the right equipment, and
overcoming weather conditions.  But the ability to manufacture fine
particles puts the terrorists one step closer to achieving that goal. 

As a result, the United States is in what a number of experts have
called a technological "race" - with terrorists closing in on better
methods of production and dissemination of biological weapons, and the
US government trying quickly to develop technology that could prevent
such an attack. 

"We are in a race with the terrorists to prevent them from getting the
delivery system for biological and chemical weapons, and to stop them
before they acquire nuclear waste, radioactive material, or heaven
forbid, a nuclear device," says Rep.  Christopher Shays (R), chairman of
a House subcommittee on national security.  "That's what this is about."

Testing the response

Some sources suggest that, in sending anthrax through the mail on a
limited basis, the terrorists may be conducting a sort of test - to see
how the system responds, before they launch a bigger attack.  On the
other hand, they may just send a flood of letters - Wednesday, New York
Gov.  George Pataki's office also tested positive for anthrax exposure
and was closed. 

Others worry that the anthrax episodes may simply be a deliberate
distraction, diverting attention from a completely different kind of
attack, such as a smallpox release.  "It can become a distraction for a
greater threat," says Representative Shays. 

But even if no larger sort of attack is in the works, the highly refined
anthrax found in Daschle's office is cause for concern, say experts,
because it means it's much more likely to be lethal.  Health experts say
inhalation anthrax, which occurs when particles get lodged in the lungs,
is far more dangerous than cutaneous anthrax, which is transmitted
through the skin. 

"The main source of worry is how refined [the anthrax] is, and the
particle size being very small," says Leslie-Anne Levy, a research
associate at the Henry L.  Stimson Center in Washington. 

"To aerosolize a biological agent requires a very small particle size
that can actually hang in the air....  That's something that's pretty
difficult to do."

State-sponsored terrorism?

More troubling, the difficulty of manufacturing such a high-grade sample
is leading some experts to believe it may in fact be a case of
state-sponsored terrorism. 

"The likelihood of state sponsorship goes up with the purity of the
strain," says Raymond Tanter, a Mideast expert.  "And the inference is,
only Iraq and Iran could be the culprit - and Iraq seems to be the top
candidate." As of this writing, members of the Senate, while favoring
environmental checks, were arguing on the side of not leaving unless
absolutely necessary. 

"The reaction in the House has been a little bit excessive," says Sen. 
John Kerry (D) of Massachusetts.  "There is no scientific evidence at
this point in time to not stay and do our work."

Pointing out that the number of letters containing anthrax is still
extremely small, Senator Kerry adds, "This is not an epidemic.  This is
a blunt instrument to scare people into not doing their jobs."

Staff writers Francine Kiefer and Gail Russell Chaddock contributed to
this report

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